Laravel Eloquent Spatial

Laravel package for working with spatial data types and functions in Eloquent.

Supported Databases

• MySQL 5.7 / 8.x
• MariaDB 10.x
• PostgreSQL 12+ with PostGIS 3.4+

Requirements

• PHP 8.1+
• Laravel 10.x / 11.x / 12.x

Installation

composer require jackardios/laravel-eloquent-spatial

Quick Start

1. Create a Migration

use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

return new class extends Migration
{
    public function up(): void
    {
        Schema::create('places', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->string('name');
            $table->geometry('location', subtype: 'point')->nullable();
            $table->geometry('area', subtype: 'polygon')->nullable();
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    public function down(): void
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('places');
    }
};

2. Set Up Your Model

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Jackardios\EloquentSpatial\Objects\Point;
use Jackardios\EloquentSpatial\Objects\Polygon;
use Jackardios\EloquentSpatial\Traits\HasSpatial;

/**
 * @property Point $location
 * @property Polygon $area
 */
class Place extends Model
{
    use HasSpatial;

    protected $fillable = [
        'name',
        'location',
        'area',
    ];

    protected $casts = [
        'location' => Point::class,
        'area' => Polygon::class,
    ];
}

3. Work with Spatial Data

use App\Models\Place;
use Jackardios\EloquentSpatial\Objects\Point;
use Jackardios\EloquentSpatial\Objects\Polygon;
use Jackardios\EloquentSpatial\Objects\LineString;
use Jackardios\EloquentSpatial\Enums\Srid;

// Create a place with a point location
// Note: Point constructor uses (longitude, latitude) order
$place = Place::create([
    'name' => 'Eiffel Tower',
    'location' => new Point(2.2945, 48.8584),
]);

// Create with SRID
$place = Place::create([
    'name' => 'Big Ben',
    'location' => new Point(-0.1246, 51.5007, Srid::WGS84),
]);

// Create with polygon area
$place = Place::create([
    'name' => 'Central Park',
    'area' => new Polygon([
        new LineString([
            new Point(-73.9819, 40.7681),
            new Point(-73.9580, 40.8006),
            new Point(-73.9498, 40.7969),
            new Point(-73.9737, 40.7644),
            new Point(-73.9819, 40.7681), // Close the ring
        ]),
    ]),
]);

// Access coordinates
echo $place->location->longitude; // 2.2945
echo $place->location->latitude;  // 48.8584
echo $place->location->srid;      // 4326 (if using WGS84)

// Convert to different formats
$place->location->toWkt();     // POINT(2.2945 48.8584)
$place->location->toJson();    // {"type":"Point","coordinates":[2.2945,48.8584]}
$place->location->toArray();   // ['type' => 'Point', 'coordinates' => [2.2945, 48.8584]]

Geometry Classes

All geometry classes support creating instances from various formats:

use Jackardios\EloquentSpatial\Objects\Point;

// From constructor
$point = new Point(longitude: 2.2945, latitude: 48.8584, srid: 4326);

// From WKT
$point = Point::fromWkt('POINT(2.2945 48.8584)', srid: 4326);

// From GeoJSON
$point = Point::fromJson('{"type":"Point","coordinates":[2.2945,48.8584]}');

// From array
$point = Point::fromArray(['type' => 'Point', 'coordinates' => [2.2945, 48.8584]]);

// From WKB
$point = Point::fromWkb($binaryData);

Available Geometry Types

Coordinate Validation

The Point class validates coordinates automatically:

// Valid coordinates
$point = new Point(180, 90);    // OK
$point = new Point(-180, -90);  // OK

// Invalid coordinates throw InvalidArgumentException
$point = new Point(200, 0);     // Error: Longitude must be between -180 and 180
$point = new Point(0, 100);     // Error: Latitude must be between -90 and 90

Spatial Query Scopes

The HasSpatial trait provides query scopes for spatial operations:

Distance Queries

use App\Models\Place;
use Jackardios\EloquentSpatial\Objects\Point;

$referencePoint = new Point(-0.1246, 51.5007, 4326);

// Add distance to results
$places = Place::query()
    ->withDistanceSphere('location', $referencePoint)
    ->get();

foreach ($places as $place) {
    echo $place->distance; // Distance in meters
}

// Filter by distance
$nearbyPlaces = Place::query()
    ->whereDistanceSphere('location', $referencePoint, '<', 5000) // Within 5km
    ->get();

// Order by distance
$closestPlaces = Place::query()
    ->orderByDistanceSphere('location', $referencePoint)
    ->limit(10)
    ->get();

Spatial Relationship Queries

use Jackardios\EloquentSpatial\Objects\Polygon;

$searchArea = Polygon::fromJson('{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[-1,-1],[1,-1],[1,1],[-1,1],[-1,-1]]]}');

// Find places within an area
Place::whereWithin('location', $searchArea)->get();
Place::whereNotWithin('location', $searchArea)->get();

// Find places containing a point
Place::whereContains('area', $point)->get();
Place::whereNotContains('area', $point)->get();

// Other spatial relationships
Place::whereTouches('area', $geometry)->get();
Place::whereIntersects('location', $geometry)->get();
Place::whereCrosses('route', $geometry)->get();
Place::whereDisjoint('location', $geometry)->get();
Place::whereOverlaps('area', $geometry)->get();
Place::whereEquals('location', $point)->get();

// Filter by SRID
Place::whereSrid('location', '=', 4326)->get();

// Get centroid
Place::query()
    ->withCentroid('area')
    ->withCasts(['centroid' => Point::class])
    ->get();

BoundingBox

The BoundingBox class represents rectangular geographic bounds:

use Jackardios\EloquentSpatial\Objects\BoundingBox;
use Jackardios\EloquentSpatial\Objects\Point;

// Create from corner points
$bbox = new BoundingBox(
    leftBottom: new Point(-74.0, 40.7),
    rightTop: new Point(-73.9, 40.8)
);

// Create from geometry
$bbox = BoundingBox::fromGeometry($polygon);

// Create from points with padding
$bbox = BoundingBox::fromPoints($pointsArray, minPadding: 0.01);

// Access bounds
$bbox->getLeftBottom();  // Bottom-left Point
$bbox->getRightTop();    // Top-right Point

// Convert to geometry
$polygon = $bbox->toPolygon();
$geometry = $bbox->toGeometry(); // Returns MultiPolygon if crosses antimeridian

// Check if crosses antimeridian (dateline)
$bbox->crossesAntimeridian(); // true/false

// Serialize
$bbox->toArray();  // ['left' => ..., 'bottom' => ..., 'right' => ..., 'top' => ...]
$bbox->toJson();

BoundingBox as Model Attribute

use Jackardios\EloquentSpatial\Objects\BoundingBox;

class Region extends Model
{
    use HasSpatial;

    protected $casts = [
        // Store as geometry column
        'bounds' => BoundingBox::class,

        // Or store as JSON
        'bounds' => BoundingBox::class . ':json',
    ];
}

SRID Support

Spatial Reference Identifiers define coordinate systems:

use Jackardios\EloquentSpatial\Enums\Srid;
use Jackardios\EloquentSpatial\EloquentSpatial;

// Available SRID constants
Srid::WGS84;        // 4326 - GPS coordinates
Srid::WEB_MERCATOR; // 3857 - Web maps (Google Maps, etc.)

// Set default SRID for all geometries
EloquentSpatial::setDefaultSrid(Srid::WGS84);

Extending Geometry Classes

Using Macros

use Jackardios\EloquentSpatial\Objects\Geometry;

// Register in a service provider
Geometry::macro('distanceToKm', function (Point $other): float {
    /** @var Geometry $this */
    // Custom distance calculation
});

// Usage
$point->distanceToKm($otherPoint);

Custom Geometry Classes

use Jackardios\EloquentSpatial\Objects\Point;
use Jackardios\EloquentSpatial\EloquentSpatial;

class CustomPoint extends Point
{
    public function toLatLngArray(): array
    {
        return ['lat' => $this->latitude, 'lng' => $this->longitude];
    }
}

// Register in service provider
EloquentSpatial::usePoint(CustomPoint::class);

API Reference

For complete API documentation, see API.md.

Upgrading

See UPGRADE.md for upgrade instructions from previous versions.

Development

# Start database containers
docker-compose up -d

# Run tests
composer pest:mysql
composer pest:mariadb
composer pest:postgres

# Static analysis
composer phpstan

# Code formatting
composer pint

License

MIT License. See LICENSE.md for details.